the variety spoken in Afghanistan, Darī, vs. Tehrani Persian, or the Persian spoken in Persia proper vs. They may be either closely related varieties of the same language (such as Khorasani vs. More commonly, dialect refers to groups that are noticeably different grammatically, phonologically, and lexically. In popular usage, dialect also refers to a speaker’s accent ( lahja, but not gūyeš), i.e., peculiarities in his pronunciation, including stress and pitch (such as a German accent, or the noticeable “melody” of Isfahani Persian vs. ![]() In that sense, any dialect can be considered a language, and vice versa. lahja, gūyeš) focuses on varieties of a language. ![]() In general, language refers to the more or less unified system of the phonology, grammar, and lexicon that is shared by the speakers of a country, or geographic region, or a socially defined group, whereas dialect (Pers.
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